Sqlite rowid as primary key. (WITHOUT ROWID tables are the exception. Just to be sure, I created my main table in two different manners: The PRIMARY KEY constraint for a rowid table (as long as it is not the true primary key or INTEGER PRIMARY KEY) is really the same thing as a UNIQUE constraint. Here are the results running on my machine - Linux/Devuan Excalibur, Intel® Xeon (R) CPU E5-1650 v2 @ 3. 51. CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS wordcount ( word TEXT PRIMARY KEY, cnt INTEGER ) WITHOUT ROWID; As with all SQL syntax, the case of the keywords does not matter. In SQLite, a column with type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY is an alias for the ROWID (except in WITHOUT ROWID tables) which is always a 64-bit signed integer. Dec 29, 2025 · SQLite, the lightweight, file-based relational database, is beloved for its simplicity, portability, and zero-configuration setup. This ROWID acts as a primary key for every row, even if the table has its own primary key explicitly defined. It’s present in most tables, but generally hidden from view. The ROWID is automatically created and maintained by SQLite, which uses it as a reference for row storage and lookup in B-tree structures. 50. However, its handling of primary keys—specifically the `ROWID`, `INTEGER PRIMARY KEY`, and `AUTOINCREMENT` keywords—can trip up even experienced developers. 1. sql and query, I compiled the 3. The SQLite reference states that an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY becomes an alias for the rowid (if WITHOUT ROWID is not specified). org: In SQLite, table rows normally have a 64-bit signed integer ROWID which is unique among all rows in the same table. For high-lev SQLite广泛应用于资源受限或对部署简易性要求高的环境。 例如，在Android系统中， Room 持久化库底层即封装SQLite，用于本地用户数据存储；在IoT设备中，常作为传感器数据缓存层，实现断网时的数据暂存与后续同步；浏览器如Chrome曾通过Web SQL API将SQLite用于前端 Primary keys cannot have NULL values in WITHOUT ROWID tables - this is perfectly possible otherwise, though most of us feel it should never be Row IDs as Implicit Primary Keys When creating a table, SQLite adds an automatic column called rowid (also accessible by the aliases _rowid_ and oid). A special column with a unique integer identifier for each row. Summary from SQLite. SQLite allows you to define primary key in two ways: First, if the primary key has only one column, you use the PRIMARY KEYcolumn constraint to define the primary key as follows: Second, in case primary key Oct 20, 2025 · SQLite has the concept of a rowid. But appearances can be deceiving. In this blog Apr 7, 2025 · SQLite tables are traditionally designed to include an implicit unique identifier called the ROWID. This page documents the SQLite memory backend implementation, which provides custom vector search, keyword search (FTS5 + BM25), and weighted hybrid merging without external dependencies. It is usually not needed. When I load the sqlite database and open the table I can run select and update querie. Let’s select the “hidden” column rowid. ) If a table contains a column of type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, then that column becomes an alias for the ROWID. 2 amalgamations with -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5. Using the same seed. 4 (C): Unprepared: 221,157 ns/op 1. Thus, there is no requirement to have an explicitly specified primary key column in SQLite. This post gives an overview of how rowids work and their relationship with primary keys. 50GHz × 12 with 16 GB or RAM: SQLite 3. At first glance, ROWID seems like an ideal primary key: it’s auto-generated, unique, and optimized for fast lookups. One of its unique features is the ROWID —a hidden column automatically assigned to every row in most tables. Because it is not a true primary key, columns of the PRIMARY KEY are allowed to be NULL, in violation of all SQL standards. If a table includes an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column, SQLite will typically optimize it by treating it as an alias for the rowid, causing the contents to be stored as a strictly typed 64-bit signed integer and changing its behavior to be somewhat like an auto-incrementing column. A primary key is a column or group of columns used to identify the uniqueness of rows in a table. A common source of frustration is encountering **column count mismatches** or **null-related errors Jan 16, 2026 · SQLite, the lightweight, file-based relational database, is beloved for its simplicity, portability, and minimal setup. I've tested out a pure C reproducer to confirm if the C to Go transpiler is the source of the slowdown. SQLite Autoincrement 1. 4 and 3. You can then access the ROWID using any of four different names, the original three names (ROWID, _ROWID_ The PRIMARY KEY constraint for a rowid table (as long as it is not the true primary key or INTEGER PRIMARY KEY) is really the same thing as a UNIQUE constraint. Summary The AUTOINCREMENT keyword imposes extra CPU, memory, disk space, and disk I/O overhead and should be avoided if not strictly needed. This operation makes that rowid accessible to queries, particularly for SELECT rowid or SELECT * which implicitly includes rowid. Each table has one and only one primary key. I started with the demo version but Editor looked like it was disabled so I stumped up for the license and now find no change in the registered version. Every row in SQLite has a unique integer rowid. SQLite command-line program versus the SQLite library The SQLite library is code that implements an SQL database engine. Understand that these are two different things. The "sqlite3" command-line program or "CLI" is an application that accepts user input and passes it down into the SQLite library for evaluation. I've just purchased Valentina Studio and am wanting to use it to run queries on and edit a single sqlite table. gy2d, xtcec, 8cvbht, ov3tt, 8bldp, yqou, uvt4, r62mrv, pmkbj, pw8qc,